Transition Metal Chalcogenide 2D Nanosheets for Electrochemical and Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Reactions

Nanoscience and nanotechnology is the branch of science that deals with the learning and utilization of substances on nanometer scales. The properties of materials at such a smaller scale differ significantly from those at macroscopic levels. On December 29 of 1959, Richard Feynman delivered a talk at the yearly American Physical Society meeting, entitled "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom: An Invitation to Enter a New Field of Physics". Through the speech, he established the groundwork of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, where he considered the possibility of miniaturization of things, for example, the encoding of a large amount of data into extremely small space.
The Royal society published a report on "Nanoscience and nanotechnologies: opportunities and uncertainties in July 2004. The futuristic needs and benefits of nanotechnology to explore and address the uncertainties about the impact of nanoparticles in environmental and health areas are the key points of this report. Nanotechnology has made its impact in many areas of research and application and has become a keynote for almost all branches of science and technology. The entire semiconductor industry is now running on nanoscience and nanotechnology.5-7 However, in the following sections, we will address the meaning of "nano" and its origin in nanoscience and nanotechnology.